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.. _sphx_glr_auto_examples_basics_installing_packages.py:


=========================
1.20 installing packages
=========================

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What is meaning of installing a python package?

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.. code-block:: default


    def foo():
        pass

    foo()








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Above we used the function `foo` which was defined above in the same file where it was called.
However, if the `foo` was defined not in the same file, but in some other file, we would have
to ``import`` the `foo` function from that file. That file containing `foo` function can be
located anywhere in the hard drive/storage of our machine/computer. If python is able to 'see' that file and consequently
the foo function in that file, you can import foo from that file. But if python is not able
to see that file, even if it is located somewhere in your computer, you can not import
that function. This applies not only to functions by to every python object like variables, classes etc.
The process of putting the required files in required format at the required location can be
termed as installing a library/module/package in python. When we say that we want to install
a library say ``numpy`` in python, it means we want all the files of this library at a place
in our computer so that python can see it. Moreover, the files should be in such a form
that we can import our desired functions from them.

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putting module in cwd
---------------------
A simpler solution of installing a package/library is to simply put in our
current working directory. This is because if we print ``sys.path``,
the first directory is the current working directory. This means, whenever
we try to import something, python will look into current working directory.
Therefore, if we put some file/package/library in our current working directory,
we can simply import that library without any problem.

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using site
-----------------------
Putting a lot of libraries/packages in our current working library can clutter
current working direcotry. This is because we may need hundred of libraries to work with.
One solution is to place those packages at any place in our desired location in our machine,
and then import that package from that location. We can add the location of that package
into python's ``path`` during runtime using ``site.addsitedir`` function.

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.. code-block:: default


    import site
    site.addsitedir('path/to/my/package')








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pip
-------
An easy and one of the most commonly used tool to install a package is using
``pip`` command. We can do this in the terminal and not in python console.
However, since ipython console allows us to run terminal commands by prefixing
them with ``!``, we can also use ``pip`` in ipython console.
Remember that ``pip`` installs  the package in ``site_packages`` directory of python.
Also note that the built-in python modules can not be installed using ``pip``.
Following examples show how to use ``pip`` to install a package called ``easy_mpl``.

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.. code-block:: python

   pip install easy_mpl

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.. code-block:: python

   pip install easy_mpl==0.21.3

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.. code-block:: python

   pip install -update easy_mpl

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.. code-block:: python

   pip install easy_mpl[all]

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conda
--------

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.. code-block:: default


    # -e .








.. rst-class:: sphx-glr-timing

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.. _sphx_glr_download_auto_examples_basics_installing_packages.py:

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